참고문서

지금까지 AbstractUser클래스를 상속받아 장고의 기본 유저모델과 완전히 같은 형태의 유저 모델을 사용했다.

사용자 모델을 커스터마이징 할 경우, Form과 Admin에서 추가해야 할 부분을 알아본다.

User모델에 필드 추가

member/models.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.db import models


class User(AbstractUser):
    GENDER_MALE = 'm'
    GENDER_FEMALE = 'f'
    GENDER_OTHER = 'o'
    CHOICES_GENDER = (
        (GENDER_MALE, '남성'),
        (GENDER_FEMALE, '여성'),
        (GENDER_OTHER, '기타'),
    )
    img_profile = models.ImageField(upload_to='user', blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=CHOICES_GENDER)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

DB migration적용

Terminal

cd ~/projects/instagram-project/instagram/
./manage.py makemigrations

# blank나 null이 허용되지 않으며 default값이 없는 필드가 새로 추가되었을 경우, 
# 마이그레이션을 적용할 때 기존에 존재하던 레코드(row)들의 해당 컬럼에 어떤 데이터를 넣을 지 정해주어야 한다.
# 매 마이그레이션 경우마다 다르지만 이 경우 '기타'성별에 해당하는 값을 넣어주기로 한다.
You are trying to add a non-nullable field 'gender' to user without a default; we can't do that (the database needs something to populate existing rows).
Please select a fix:
 1) Provide a one-off default now (will be set on all existing rows with a null value for this column)
 2) Quit, and let me add a default in models.py
Select an option: 1
Please enter the default value now, as valid Python
The datetime and django.utils.timezone modules are available, so you can do e.g. timezone.now
Type 'exit' to exit this prompt
>>> 'o'
Migrations for 'member':
  member/migrations/0002_auto_20171022_1354.py
    - Add field gender to user
    - Add field img_profile to user
    
# 마이그레이션을 적용시킨다    
./manage.py migrate
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, member, post, sessions
Running migrations:
  Applying member.0002_auto_20171022_1354... OK

Form 수정

member/forms.py

class SignupForm(UserCreationForm):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        class_update_fields = ['password1', 'password2']
        for field_name in class_update_fields:
            self.fields[field_name].widget.attrs.update({
                'class': 'form-control'
            })

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = (
            'username',
            'password1',
            'password2',
            'img_profile',
            'gender',
        )
        widgets = {
            'username': forms.TextInput(
                attrs={
                    'class': 'form-control',
                }
            ),
            'gender': forms.Select(
                attrs={
                    'class': 'form-control',
                }
            ),
        }

Manager추가 및 create_superuser()메서드 오버라이드, 모델의 objects재정의

member/models.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser, UserManager as BaseUserManager
from django.db import models


class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
    def create_superuser(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return super().create_superuser(gender=self.model.GENDER_OTHER, *args, **kwargs)


class User(AbstractUser):
    GENDER_MALE = 'm'
    GENDER_FEMALE = 'f'
    GENDER_OTHER = 'o'
    CHOICES_GENDER = (
        (GENDER_MALE, '남성'),
        (GENDER_FEMALE, '여성'),
        (GENDER_OTHER, '기타'),
    )
    img_profile = models.ImageField(upload_to='user', blank=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=CHOICES_GENDER)

    objects = UserManager()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

admin에 추가 및 UserAdmin상속받아 추가정보 오버라이드

member/admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin

from .forms import SignupForm

User = get_user_model()


class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
    fieldsets = BaseUserAdmin.fieldsets + (
        ('추가 정보', {'fields': ('img_profile', 'gender')}),
    )
    add_fieldsets = BaseUserAdmin.add_fieldsets + (
        ('추가 정보', {
            'fields': ('img_profile', 'gender',),
        }),
    )
    add_form = SignupForm


admin.site.register(User, UserAdmin)